In Vitro Models

Compared to conventional in vitro IRE-treatment-planning models, such as cell suspensions and cell-culture monolayers, the 3D in vitro tumor model generated more accurate predictability of IRE outcomes.

Cell death is highly dependent upon an electric field threshold, which can vary greatly between cell types. Our lab utilizes a 3D tissue-mimic hydrogel platform to investigate electric field thresholds of HFIRE with different pulsing protocols.

Live dead staining allows for visualization of cell response to irreversible electroporation field strengths. This information is used to inform cell response to different pulsing protocols.

Computational modeling is used to visualize the induced electric field. Superimposed field contours allow for backing out the lethal electric field threshold (the field strength at which cells experience cell death).

Our lab investigates and develops various hydrogel configurations for determination of electric field thresholds, both discrete and continuous. This information is used to inform treatment planning.


Spatial disparity within tumor spheroids present alternative methods to study pulsed electric fields (PEFs).