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Welcome and Opening Remarks (10:00 AM - 10:15 AM): Tiffany C. Veinot University of Michigan Andrea G. Parker Georgia Institute of Technology
Keynote (10:15 AM - 11:00 AM): We are pleased to announce Dr. Desmond Patton, PhD will be our keynote speaker at WISH 2020. Dr. Patton is going to give an incredible talk entitled, “Community data science approaches to analyzing trauma and loss on social media.” Dr. Patton, Associate Dean for Innovation and Academic Affairs, founding director of the SAFE Lab and co-director of the Justice, Equity and Technology lab at Columbia School of Social Work, is a leading pioneer in the field of making AI empathetic, culturally sensitive and less biased. Through keynote presentations and interactive workshops, Patton is helping organizations develop a better approach to diversity and inclusion that includes fairer practices that address the challenge of prejudice, rather than contribute to it. Also the co-chair of the Racial Equity Task Force at The Data Science Institute and founder of the SIM\|ED tech incubator at Columbia University, Patton’s research uses virtual reality to educate youth and policymakers about the ways social media can be used against them and how race plays a part.
Original Research Presentations (11:00 AM - 12:00 PM): *User-Centered Recommendations for the Development of a Mental Health Application to Help African American Women Manage Anxiety and Depression* Terika McCall, Yale School of Medicine Megan Threats, Rutgers University - New Brunswick Abstract: African American women experience rates of mental illness comparable to the general population, however they significantly underutilize mental health services. Past mobile health (mHealth) interventions to reduce anxiety or depressive symptoms revealed that participants experienced significant reduction in symptoms post-intervention. African American women are comfortable participating in mHealth interventions, and 80% own smartphones. The purpose of this study is to determine the user-centered recommendations for a mobile application to help African American women manage anxiety and depression. Focus groups (n=4) were conducted with 20 African American women. Recommendations for content were either informational (e.g., Black female therapists’ contact information) or inspirational (e.g., encouraging stories about overcoming adversity). Suggested features allow users to monitor their progress, practice coping techniques, and connect with others. Designing mental health apps for and with African American women may help to achieve digital health equity by providing tools that addresses their specific needs and interests. *Navigating Power and the Challenges of Developing Effective Sociotechnical Solutions for Collaboration to Address the Rise and Racial Gap in Maternal Mortality in the US* Ashley Walker, Northwestern University Abstract: In the US, the maternal mortality rate has been on the rise since 2000. In many states, there is a significant gap in the number of pregnant women dying based on race. Addressing this rise and racial gap in maternal mortality requires efforts that incorporate historically marginalized stakeholders who have expertise in the lived experiences of those communities most impacted. Collaborations that include diverse stakeholder groups can better translate on-the-ground experience to fixes that can be implemented at a structural level. However, many current public health system approaches do not include this range of stakeholder groups. In this project, we used qualitative methods to investigate the perspectives of two stakeholder groups, public health experts and birth professionals. Through this study, we highlight the different views and approaches that these two groups take for collaboration and how that has created challenges to collaboration between those two groups. *Using geocoded social media data to assess physical activity levels of communities: a study of Twitter users from Metropolitan Detroit* Bradley Iott, University of Michigan T. Veinot, University of Michigan Yu, A. Beals, University of Michigan D. Romero, University of Michigan V. Vydiswaran, University of Michigan Abstract: Physical activity and inactivity are important components of health. Ongoing public health surveillance of physical activity is infeasible with current resources, suggesting the need for new methods of assessing physical activity in communities; this can produce the data necessary for local policy to encourage exercise. We demonstrate the potential for the creation of community-level measures of physical and sedentary activity using geocoded tweets identified using a machine learning classifier. We show associations between offline measures of neighborhood characteristics and novel, Twitter-based measures of these behaviors. We then discuss the feasibility of implementing our methods in a local public health context. *Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) to Minimize Medication Costs for Patients: What Providers Want* Karalyn Kiessling, University of Michigan B.E. Iott, University of Michigan T. Toscos, University of Michigan T. Veinot, University of Michigan J.A. Pater, Parkview Mirro Center for Research & Innovation S. Wagner, Parkview Mirro Center for Research & Innovation Abstract: Patients’ inability to afford medications leads to lower adherence and poor health outcomes; this is more common for individuals with chronic conditions and limited financial resources. Building on previous studies on cost as a barrier to adherence, this study asks what information providers need to help reduce medication cost barriers for patients. Semi-structured interviews with 38 providers revealed that they did not have access to the following information: true costs of prescribed medication; patient’s financial resources; and resources to which they could refer patients for help with medication costs. Providers believed such information could help them reduce financial burdens for patients and improve the patient-provider relationship. These insights can inform development of clinical decision support systems using a “cost-sensitive prescribing” framework that maximizes clinical benefit while constraining out-of-pocket costs for patients. This approach may hold potential for improving chronic disease outcomes for low-income patients by reducing barriers to effective treatment.
Break (12:00 PM - 1:00 PM)
Works in Progress and Provocations 1 (1:00 PM - 1:30 PM): TRACK 1: AGING AND ACCESSIBILITY *Utilizing a Participatory Action Research Method to Investigate the Trustworthiness of Online Dementia Health Information* Emma Dixon, University of Maryland, College Park Abstract: Research to design technologies for people with dementia primarily use interviews, observation sessions or co-design methods to elicit ideas for future technologies. These methods may not sufficiently include people with dementia in technology design to the level they desire. In this paper we describe our on-going work utilizing the Participatory Action Research approach, highlighting considerations for the early stages of research projects utilizing this approach with people with dementia. *Examining Dimensions of Identity within Health-Related Technology Research for Aging Populations* Christina Harrington, DePaul University Abstract: Health-related pervasive and ubiquitous technologies can potentially improve older adults’ access to healthcare resources and support long-term independence in the home. Despite efforts to include their voices in the design and development process, the adoption of these technologies remains low among older adults. In parallel, limited access to these technologies may widen the gap of health inequities, especially among historically marginalized groups. Understanding dimensions of identity may support the design of health technologies that see better adoption among marginalized populations while also expanding our research praxis. Through a systematic review of HCI literature, we examine who is engaged in the design of pervasive and ubiquitous health technologies for older adults, methods used to engage them, and how different types of participation might impact design directions. In this paper we present preliminary results which highlight the dimensions of identity that are commonly included in pervasive and ubiquitous health technology research for older adults, and discuss recommendations to address existing disparities. *Using Conversational Agents to Provide Social Presence for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and their Care Partners* Tamara Zubatiy, Georgia Institute of Technology E.D. Mynatt, Georgia Institute of Technology Abstract: COVID-19 has dramatically affected many people, and especially older adults with pre-existing medical conditions, such as those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The resulting reduced social interaction contributes to the already notable, damaging, effects of social isolation on older adults. For people with MCI and their care partners, this has led to even more time spent at home, with no company but one another. Our prior work has shown that conversational agents (CAs), such as Alexa or Google Home, are empowering older adults with MCI and their care partners, both from the point of view of utility, but also from a social perspective. Older adults tend to anthropomorphize CAs, and experience social presence from them. In this provocation we explore how personalizing these CAs may contribute to making CA interactions more positive, and reinforce continued use. TRACK 2: COVID-19 HEALTH DISPARITIES *Examining Older Adults’ Information Exposure, Wellbeing, and Adherence to Protective Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic* Nurul Suhaimi, Northeastern University J. Griffin, Northeastern University S.A. Patel, Emory University N. Yongsatianchot, Northeastern University S. Marsella, Northeastern University A. Amiji, Northeastern University Y. Zhang, Georgia Institute of Technology A. Parker, Georgia Institute of Technology M. Kim, Northeastern University Abstract: Older adults are at greater risk of experiencing negative physical and psychological impacts of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our ongoing study is assessing COVID-19 information exposure in adults aged 55 and above compared to other age groups living in Massachusetts and Georgia. This work investigates the potential association between information exposure and wellbeing as well as adherence to COVID-19 protective measures. Our initial results show that older adults received information related to COVID-19 less frequently than the middle-aged group, yet they feel more content and less stressed than the other age groups. Further analysis to identify other potential confounding variables is addressed. *Intermediary practices for low-income telehealth users in the COVID-19 era* Alicia Williamson, University of Michigan S. Goulet, University of Michigan V. Kameswaran, University of Michigan T. Dillahunt, University of Michigan L. Buis, University of Michigan T. Veinot, University of Michigan Abstract: The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic required a rapid transition to telehealth services to prevent the overwhelming spread of this highly-contagious respiratory virus. In some cases, patients needed support to use telehealth. Intermediaries can provide support for people facing technical challenges; however, few studies have identified how intermediaries support the use of telehealth. Partnering with a federally qualified health center (FQHC), we conducted interviews with nine healthcare workers in Metropolitan Detroit. Participants served as ad-hoc intermediaries, supporting low-income patients by: triaging for telehealth visit types according to technological access; building patients’ confidence with technology use; and troubleshooting technology issues. Design of future sociotechnical interventions to facilitate telehealth access can build upon current, ad-hoc intermediary practices. *Technological Approaches to Maternal Mental Health Promotion Amidst COVID-19* Vanessa Oguamanam, Georgia Institute of Technology A. Parker, Georgia Institute of Technology N. Hernandez, Morehouse School of Medicine R. Chandler, Emory University - School of Nursing S. Mohammed, Emory University - Rollins School of Public Health D. Guillaume, Emory University - School of Nursing M. Allen, Spelman College Abstract: As the COVID-19 pandemic causes models of healthcare to rapidly shift and as it introduces widespread economic and social stressors, there is a vital need for innovations that help expecting women and new mothers manage their mental health. We will administer a survey to 75 pregnant and postpartum Black women in metro Atlanta focused understanding how technology can support their mental health concerns during the pandemic.
Works in Progress and Provocations 2 (1:45 PM - 2:15 PM): TRACK 1: TECHNOLOGY, RACE, AND PLACE *The Need for Sociotechnical Health System Models that Acknowledge Multiple Forms of Racism* Enid Montague, DePaul University Abstract: Models of sociotechnical health systems illustrate that the of quality of intersecting factors in a sociotechnical health system affect the process of professional work, collaborative work and patient work, and therefore quality outcomes for patients, workers and the health system. Models such as these acknowledge the diversity of patient experiences but don’t account for systems external to the sociotechnical system that can be unequal between racial/ ethnic groups. This inequality can, 1) lead to different and unequal systems for patients of different races, and 2) contribute to poorer outcomes for patients and workers affected by racism. New models of complex systems that address racism will help the research community better understand the impact of racism on health outcomes, medical errors and inform the design of antiracist health interventions. *Identifying Opportunities for Mobile Technology to Support a Culturally Relevant Community-Based Heart Health Program* Aqueasha Martin-Hammond, Indiana University T.S. Purnell, Johns Hopkins University Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Therefore, it is vital to find ways to scale effective interventions to prevent risks, especially among marginalized groups. This paper discusses opportunities for mobile technology to support participants in a culturally relevant community-based program found effective for reducing CVD risks. We aim to understand how to enhance the program without limiting participation or reducing its effect on health outcomes. *Transportation Practices of People Living with HIV in Rural Areas* Maestre, Fernando, Indiana University A.A. Theisz, Indiana University M. Furness, Indiana University P.C. Shih, Indiana University V. Kameswaran, University of Michigan T. Dillahunt, University of Michigan T. Veinot, University of Michigan Abstract: Transportation has evolved throughout the past several years through developments in HCI and sociotechnical systems. However, there has been a lack of studies examining transportation in rural areas for vulnerable populations. Our study focuses on the transportation facilitators and barriers faced by people living with HIV in rural areas. We were informed through 31 surveys and 18 interviews with people living with HIV in rural areas and their case coordinators. We highlight the importance of utilizing a patchwork of transportation methods and having social networks to support transportation needs. Emerging, popular forms of urban transportation do not translate well due to differences in trust, infrastructure, rural culture, and stigma. TRACK 2: ACCESS TO TELEHEALTH AND PATIENT PORTALS *Ensuring Full Participation of People with Disabilities in an Era of Telehealth* Rupa Valdez, University of Virginia C.C. Rogers, University of Virginia O. Frye, University of Virginia H. Claypool, Claypool Consulting L. Trieshmann, New York University C. Wellbeloved-Stone, Blue Trunk Foundation S.R. Singleton, Washington, D.C Abstract: The widespread use of telehealth resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to further exacerbate inequities faced by people with disabilities. Although, for some members of the disability community, the option to engage with telehealth may result in reduced barriers to care, for others, inadequate attention to the design, implementation, and policy dimensions may be detrimental. Addressing such considerations is imperative to mitigate health inequities faced by the disability community. *Who’s Left Behind by Smartphone-based Personal Health Records?* Tera Reynolds, University of California, Irvine K. Zheng, University of California, Irvine C.J. Dameff, University of California San Diego Health C.A. Longhurst, University of California San Diego Health Abstract: Smartphone-based personal health records, such as Apple Health Records, are a promising solution to the persistent problems of medical record portability and interoperability. However, they may also contribute to widening existing health disparities. Specifically, Apple has been the only company to successfully build partnerships with a large number of healthcare organizations thus far, and there are systematic differences between iPhone users and other smartphone users. In addition, among those with an iPhone, it remains to be seen whether Apple Health Records will be accepted equally across different patient populations. We will discuss ways to mitigate these risks. *Experiences of Patients Who Use Eye Control to Access Patient Portals* Erin Beneteau, University of Washington W. Pratt, University of Washington A. Paradiso, Microsoft Research Abstract: Digital health should be accessible to everyone- including individuals who can not physically access a keyboard and mouse. We interviewed four adults who use eye control for computer access and asked them about their experiences with patient portals. In this presentation, we discuss our work in progress on the burdens patient portals place on adults who use eye control. We call for developers to include people with motor disabilities in the design and development of patient-facing healthcare tools.
Break (2:15 PM - 2:45 PM)
Breakout Session (2:45 PM - 3:30 PM)
Research Highlights Presentations (3:45 PM - 4:15 PM): *Development of the Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation ontology: Evaluation and workflow* Clair Kronk, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine J. Dexheimer, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Abstract: The study sought to create an integrated vocabulary system that addresses the lack of standardized health terminology in gender and sexual orientation. Materials and methods: We evaluated computational efficiency, coverage, query-based term tagging, randomly selected term tagging, and mappings to existing terminology systems (including ICD (International Classification of Diseases), DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ), SNOMED (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine), MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), and National Cancer Institute Thesaurus). Results: We published version 2 of the Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation (GSSO) ontology with over 10 000 entries with definitions, a readable hierarchy system, and over 14 000 database mappings. Over 70% of terms had no mapping in any other available ontology. Discussion: We created the GSSO and made it publicly available on the National Center for Biomedical Ontology BioPortal and on GitHub. It includes clarifications on over 200 slang terms, 190 pronouns with linked example usages, and over 200 nonbinary and culturally specific gender identities. Conclusions: Gender and sexual orientation continue to represent crucial areas of medical practice and research with evolving terminology. The GSSO helps address this gap by providing a centralized data resource. *HarborBot: A Chatbot for Social Needs Screening* Elena Agapie, University of California, Irvine R.D. Kocielnik, University of Washington A. Argyle, University of Washington G. Hsieh, University of Washington D.T. Hsieh, UCLA Medical Center K. Yadav, UCLA Medical Center B. Taira, UCLA Medical Center Abstract: Accessing patients’ social needs is a critical challenge at emergency departments (EDs). However, most EDs do not have extra staff to administer screeners, and without personnel administration, response rates are low especially for low health literacy patients. To facilitate engagement with such low health literacy patients, we designed a chatbot - HarborBot for social needs screening. Through a study with 30 participants, where participants took a social needs screener both via a traditional survey platform and HarborBot, we found that the two platforms resulted in comparable data (equivalent in 87% of the responses). We also found that while the high health literate participants preferred the traditional survey platform because of efficiency (allowing participants to proceed at their own pace), the low health literate participants preferred HarborBot as it was more engaging, personal, and more understandable. We conclude with a discussion on the design implications for chatbots for social needs screening. *Preventing Cardiovascular Disease Among Urban African Americans With a Mobile Health App (the MOYO App): Protocol for a Usability Study* Herman Taylor, Morehouse School of Medicine S. Francis, Morehouse School of Medicine C. Evans, Morehouse School of Medicine M. Harvey, Morehouse School of Medicine C. Jones, Morehouse School of Medicine T. Akintobi, Morehouse School of Medicine G. Clifford, Emory University Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities are a particularly devastating manifestation of health inequity. Despite advancements in prevention and treatment, CVD is still the leading cause of death in the United States. Additionally, research indicates that African American (AA) and other ethnic-minority populations are affected by CVD at earlier ages than white Americans. Given that AAs are the fastest-growing population of smartphone owners and users, mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer the unparalleled potential to prevent or improve self-management of chronic disease among this population. To address the unmet need for culturally tailored primordial prevention CVD–focused mHealth interventions, the MOYO app was co-created with the involvement of young people from this priority community. The overall project aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a novel smartphone app designed to reduce CVD risk factors among urban-AAs, 18-29 years of age. *Storywell: Designing for Family Fitness App Motivation by Using Social Rewards and Reflection* Herman Saksono, Harvard University C. Castaneda-Sceppa, Northeastern University J. Hoffman, Northeastern University V. Morris, Mattapan Food and Fitness Coalition M. Seif El-Nasr, University of California at Santa Cruz A. Parker, Georgia Institute of Technology Abstract: Physical activity (PA) is critical for reducing the risk of obesity, a prevalent health concern that burdens low- socioeconomic status (SES) households. While self-tracking apps can increase PA, encouraging app engagement remains a challenge, thus limiting the app’s efficacy. To understand how to better support caregiver’s motivation to use family health apps, we designed and evaluated Storywell—a mobile app for promoting family PA. Guided by Self-Determination Theory, Storywell provides social rewards (e.g., storybooks with interactive reflective questions) aimed at supporting relatedness and motivation. Our 3-month qualitative study with 18 families revealed satisfying moments that can affect caregiver’s motivation. We contribute new knowledge on designing satisfying moments that heighten the motivation to use health apps, especially for low-SES families who face many barriers to using such systems
Closing (4:15 PM - 4:30 PM)
Virtual WISH Poster Reception (4:30 PM - 5:30 PM): View List of Poster Presentations